Thirty-Second Sunday in Ordinary Time

a widow putting coins into the donation box

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Mass Readings

Thanks for listening! For questions or feedback, please email rudy@deaconrudysnotes.org.

Reading 1: 1 Kings 17:10-16
Responsorial: Psalm 146:7-10
Reading 2: Hebrews 9:24-28
Gospel: Mark 12:38-44

https://bible.usccb.org/bible/readings/110721.cfm
https://www.deaconrudysnotes.org/

Welcome back for another edition of deacon rudy’s notes. I’m your host, Deacon Rudy Villarreal and together we’re going to break open the Word!

I’d like to share a brief reflection as I try to catch up. In today’s Gospel, Jesus points to the donation of the poor widow. His comments get right to the heart of all of our contributions to the church and to charities. He says she contributed the most because the wealthier people gave from the excess while she gave it all! (Mark 12:43-44)

She gave everything she had! Talk about trusting in God’s providence! What sort of faith she must have had to put it all in believing that God would take care of her like the poor widow from our first reading?

How easy is it for us to reach into our pockets and donate whatever loose change or few dollars we’re carrying? Jesus reminds us that we have an obligation to contribute to the church.

We need the church – the building and the staff – to nourish us with the Word and the Eucharist – to create opportunities of encounter with Christ Jesus – to walk with us on our journey of faith. We need our local churches to be there for us to celebrate our baptisms and weddings, and to mourn with us in death. We need our local churches to serve the poor and needy in our communities. We need the larger church – our dioceses and the Vatican – to train the next generation of priests and deacons; to help educate our children; to feed the hungry and to give drink to the thirsty; to clothe the naked; to visit the sick and imprisoned; to advocate for social justice. But that infrastructure costs money.

What should we give?

The Church does not interpret Scripture to suggest we should donate everything we have. Rather, the Church suggests we should allocate 10%. There are many different suggestions about how to divvy this up. The suggestion that makes the most sense to me is to give 5% to your parish; 1% to the diocese; and 4% to other Catholic or religious charities. Donations to secular or non-religious charities should be on top of the tithe.

I know that sounds like a tall order. In fact, it hurts. But I think that is what Jesus is getting at – give until it hurts and not from the loose change you find between the cushions or in your car.

Homework! Nourished by the Word of God and the Eucharist, I encourage you to reflect on the following challenge.

My brothers and sisters, Jesus invites us to support the Church in a way that may sound challenging. Ask yourself, do my contributions of time, talent and treasure come from my surplus, or from my first fruits?

I think doing our homework will help us be the intentional disciples we are called to be. Do you got it? Do you get it? Good! Then go make disciples! May Almighty God bless you, Father, Son and Holy Spirit. Amen!

You’re listening to deacon rudy’s notes. Our theme music was composed by Silent Partner. You can find all sorts of helpful information on the website at www.deaconrudysnotes.org. I’m Deacon Rudy Villarreal. Join me again next weekend as we break open the Word! Peace!

Image Credit: Unknown. JPG file.

References:
1. Healy, Mary. Hebrews. Catholic Commentary on Sacred Scripture. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2016. Kindle.
2. Healy, Mary. The Gospel of Mark. Catholic Commentary on Sacred Scripture. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Academic, 2008. Kindle.
3. Montague, George T. SM. Mark: A Popular Commentary on the Earliest Gospel. Steubenville, Ohio: Franciscan University Press, 1992.

Catechism References http://www.scborromeo.org/ccc.htm:
1. Christ in God’s presence on our behalf: 519, 662, 2741
2. Christ’s death once for all: 571
3. Judgment day: 678-79
4. Reincarnation: 1013
5. Judgment after death: 1021-22
6. Giving to the Church: 1351, 2043
7. Love for the poor: 2443-49
8. Greed: 2536

Thirty-second Sunday in Ordinary Time https://bible.usccb.org/bible/readings/110721.cfm
Lectionary: 155

Reading 1
1 Kings 17:10-16
In those days, Elijah the prophet went to Zarephath.
As he arrived at the entrance of the city,
a widow was gathering sticks there; he called out to her,
“Please bring me a small cupful of water to drink.”
She left to get it, and he called out after her,
“Please bring along a bit of bread.”
She answered, “As the LORD, your God, lives,
I have nothing baked; there is only a handful of flour in my jar
and a little oil in my jug.
Just now I was collecting a couple of sticks,
to go in and prepare something for myself and my son;
when we have eaten it, we shall die.”
Elijah said to her, “Do not be afraid.
Go and do as you propose.
But first make me a little cake and bring it to me.
Then you can prepare something for yourself and your son.
For the LORD, the God of Israel, says,
‘The jar of flour shall not go empty,
nor the jug of oil run dry,
until the day when the LORD sends rain upon the earth.'”
She left and did as Elijah had said.
She was able to eat for a year, and he and her son as well;
the jar of flour did not go empty,
nor the jug of oil run dry,
as the LORD had foretold through Elijah.

Responsorial
Psalm 146:7, 8-9, 9-10
R. (1b) Praise the Lord, my soul!
or:
R. Alleluia.
The LORD keeps faith forever,
secures justice for the oppressed,
gives food to the hungry.
The LORD sets captives free.
R. Praise the Lord, my soul!
or:
R. Alleluia.
The LORD gives sight to the blind.
The LORD raises up those who were bowed down;
the LORD loves the just.
The LORD protects strangers.
R. Praise the Lord, my soul!
or:
R. Alleluia.
The fatherless and the widow he sustains,
but the way of the wicked he thwarts.
The LORD shall reign forever;
your God, O Zion, through all generations. Alleluia.
R. Praise the Lord, my soul!
or:
R. Alleluia.

Reading 2
Hebrews 9:24-28
Christ did not enter into a sanctuary made by hands,
a copy of the true one, but heaven itself,
that he might now appear before God on our behalf.
Not that he might offer himself repeatedly,
as the high priest enters each year into the sanctuary
with blood that is not his own;
if that were so, he would have had to suffer repeatedly
from the foundation of the world.
But now once for all he has appeared at the end of the ages
to take away sin by his sacrifice.
Just as it is appointed that human beings die once,
and after this the judgment, so also Christ,
offered once to take away the sins of many,
will appear a second time, not to take away sin
but to bring salvation to those who eagerly await him.

Alleluia
Matthew 5:3
R. Alleluia, alleluia.
Blessed are the poor in spirit,
for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.
R. Alleluia, alleluia.

Gospel
Mark 12:38-44 or 12:41-44
In the course of his teaching Jesus said to the crowds,
“Beware of the scribes, who like to go around in long robes
and accept greetings in the marketplaces,
seats of honor in synagogues,
and places of honor at banquets.
They devour the houses of widows and, as a pretext
recite lengthy prayers.
They will receive a very severe condemnation.”

He sat down opposite the treasury
and observed how the crowd put money into the treasury.
Many rich people put in large sums.
A poor widow also came and put in two small coins worth a few cents.
Calling his disciples to himself, he said to them,
“Amen, I say to you, this poor widow put in more
than all the other contributors to the treasury.
For they have all contributed from their surplus wealth,
but she, from her poverty, has contributed all she had,
her whole livelihood.”

OR:

Jesus sat down opposite the treasury
and observed how the crowd put money into the treasury.
Many rich people put in large sums.
A poor widow also came and put in two small coins worth a few cents.
Calling his disciples to himself, he said to them,
“Amen, I say to you, this poor widow put in more
than all the other contributors to the treasury.
For they have all contributed from their surplus wealth,
but she, from her poverty, has contributed all she had,
her whole livelihood.”

Pentecost

picture of lit candles

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Mass Readings During the Day

Reading 1: Acts 2:1-11
Responsorial: Psalm 104:1, 24, 29-31, 34
Reading 2: 1 Corinthians 12:3b-7, 12-13 OR Galatians 5:16-25
Gospel: John 20:19-23 OR John 15:26-27 OR John 16:12-15

https://bible.usccb.org/bible/readings/052321-Day.cfm https://www.deaconrudysnotes.org/

Happy Pentecost! Happy birthday to the Church! Happy birthday to the Church! Happy birthday, dear Church! Happy birthday to the Church!

Welcome back for another edition of deacon rudy’s notes! I’m Deacon Rudy Villarreal, and together we’re going to break open the Word! Our reflection for this weekend is on the readings for Pentecost, the Mass during the day.

I hope you have a piece of birthday cake or raise a glass to celebrate the Church’s birthday!

On this great feast of Pentecost, we remember the descent of the Holy Spirit. Jesus said several times in John’s Gospel account that we would not be left alone after he departs. The Advocate will come and dwell among us and guide us on our journey. And our first reading this weekend from Acts describes the extraordinary event when the Spirit arrived. There was “a noise like a strong driving wind” (Acts 2:2) and tongues of fire which “came to rest on each of them” (Acts 2:3).

Why? There was just no way for Jesus to do a complete download, so God sent “the Spirit of truth” (John 15:26). And the Spirit comes bearing gifts. These gifts enabled the apostles and the first disciples to testify to Jesus because they were with Jesus from the beginning (John 15:27).

Now there’s a lot of good news in these readings!

We are not alone! The Spirit is here with us!

And, the sacraments – wow! – the sacraments are not some magical instruments that BAM unlock everything we need to know to be near-perfect images of Jesus. No! Our coming to faith is a process. It’s like receiving a beautifully wrapped gift. You might be hesitant even to open it because you don’t want to ruin the beautiful wrapping. Maybe you carefully unwrap it and slowly open the box. But what you find doesn’t strike your fancy, so you set the box in your closet where it might sit and gather dust for years and years.

My brothers and sisters, each and every one of us received an incalculable amount of graces at our baptism and confirmation. We might not understand them, so we might not use them to build up God’s kingdom. But once we decide to go down the path of discipleship – once we commit or recommit ourselves to growing in our relationship with the Trinity, well, it’s like we took the present out of our closet, dusted it off, opened it, and carefully began to pull out the gifts within.

In our second reading, and I’m using the option from 1 Corinthians 12:3b-7, 12-13, Paul gives us that beautiful image that there is one body of Christ. Each of us makes up a part of the whole.

What does that mean?

It means that there is no one quite like you in church. And we need you. Without you, our community isn’t quite the same. Whether you are rich or poor, gainfully employed or homeless, a citizen or an immigrant doesn’t matter. You are important to God, and your presence in the community enriches our shared experience of Jesus Christ. Yes, we could limp along without you. But there is something about you that can help all of us.

In my experience, people are hesitant to understand their gifts, and they are hesitant for others to know their gifts because they don’t want to be a leader, or they might be afraid to fail. And if you’re the only one who steps forward, then I can certainly understand your hesitancy. It’s when we all work together – everyone carrying their fair share – that we, by our faith, can move mountains.

Maybe in our community, there is someone gifted with entrepreneurialism. They not only have leadership qualities, but they are an immensely talented cheerleader. They can rouse the Spirit within!

What gifts do I have to support that person and the ministry?

Maybe I’m gifted with organizational skills. So, I can offer to help behind the scenes keeping things organized.

Maybe I’m a gifted trainer and writer. Perhaps I can help create ministry training manuals and educational material.

Maybe I’m a gifted marketeer. Can I use my skills to help promote the ministry?

Maybe I’m a gifted bookkeeper. I can use my skills to steward the accounts.

Maybe I’m gifted with financial resources. Could I offer to help finance the ministry?

When we come together, each using their gifts, what hope we can bring to people in these uncertain times.

Homework! Stoked by the Word and the Eucharist in the Pentecostal flame, I invite you to reflect on the following two questions. We all have different gifts, and our gifts may manifest at different stages in our lives.
First, at this stage in my life, what gifts do I notice, and how can I use them to help my faith community?
Second, how can I help others identify and utilize their gifts?

Doing our homework might help us serve the body of Christ as disciples. Do you got it? Do you get it? Good! Now go make disciples! May Almighty God bless you, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit! +Amen!

You’re listening to deacon rudy’s notes. Thank you for joining me today. Our theme music was composed by Silent Partner. You can find all sorts of helpful information on the website at www.deaconrudysnotes.org. I’m Deacon Rudy Villarreal. Join me again next weekend as we break open the Word. Peace!

Image: Flames: iStock/Getty Images Plus/Baiterek Media. JPG.

Bibliography/Suggested Readings:
1. Kurz, William S. SJ. Acts of the Apostles. Catholic Commentary on Sacred Scripture. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Academic, 2013. Kindle.
2. Martin, Francis and William M. Wright IV. The Gospel of John. Catholic Commentary on Sacred Scripture. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Academic, 2015. Kindle.
3. Montague, George T. SM. First Corinthians. Catholic Commentary on Sacred Scripture. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Academic, 2011. Kindle.
4. Vanhoye, Cardinal Albert and Peter. S. Williamson. Galatians. Catholic Commentary on Sacred Scripture. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Academic, 2019. Kindle.

Catechism References http://www.scborromeo.org/ccc.htm:
1. Trinity: 221, 687
2. The Spirit reveals the Father and the Son: 243-48
3. The Spirit’s mission: 258, 729, 737
4. Apostolic witness on Pentecost: 599, 597, 674, 715
5. The risen Jesus: 641-46
6. Fire as a symbol of the Holy Spirit: 696
7. Pentecost: 696, 726, 731-41, 830, 1076, 1287, 2623
8. Guidance and transformation by the Spirit: 736, 1695, 1832, 2744
9. The Holy Spirit and the Church: 737-41
10. The Church, communion in the Spirit: 767, 775, 798, 796, 813, 1097, 1108-9
11. Union in the body of Christ: 789-91
12. Discerning charisms: 801
13. Communion of charisms: 951
14. The mystery of Pentecost continues in the Church: 1152, 1226, 1302, 1556
15. Effects of Confirmation: 1302-5
16. The sacrament of reconciliation: 1461-67
17. Penance and conversion: 1470
18. The Spirit is the new law: 1966, 1983
19. Idolatry: 2113
20. The flesh is concupiscence: 2515

Pentecost Sunday
Mass during the Day https://bible.usccb.org/bible/readings/052321-Day.cfm
Lectionary: 63

Reading 1
Acts 2:1-11
When the time for Pentecost was fulfilled, they were all in one place together. And suddenly there came from the sky a noise like a strong driving wind, and it filled the entire house in which they were. Then there appeared to them tongues as of fire, which parted and came to rest on each one of them. And they were all filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak in different tongues, as the Spirit enabled them to proclaim.

Now there were devout Jews from every nation under heaven staying in Jerusalem. At this sound, they gathered in a large crowd, but they were confused because each one heard them speaking in his own language. They were astounded, and in amazement they asked, “Are not all these people who are speaking Galileans? Then how does each of us hear them in his native language? We are Parthians, Medes, and Elamites, inhabitants of Mesopotamia, Judea and Cappadocia, Pontus and Asia, Phrygia and Pamphylia, Egypt and the districts of Libya near Cyrene, as well as travelers from Rome, both Jews and converts to Judaism, Cretans and Arabs, yet we hear them speaking in our own tongues of the mighty acts of God.”

Responsorial
Psalm 104:1, 24, 29-30, 31, 34
R. (cf. 30) Lord, send out your Spirit, and renew the face of the earth. or: R. Alleluia.
Bless the LORD, O my soul! O LORD, my God, you are great indeed! How manifold are your works, O LORD! the earth is full of your creatures.
R. Lord, send out your Spirit, and renew the face of the earth. or: R. Alleluia.
May the glory of the LORD endure forever; may the LORD be glad in his works! Pleasing to him be my theme; I will be glad in the LORD.
R. Lord, send out your Spirit, and renew the face of the earth. or: R. Alleluia.
If you take away their breath, they perish and return to their dust. When you send forth your spirit, they are created, and you renew the face of the earth.
R. Lord, send out your Spirit, and renew the face of the earth. or: R. Alleluia.

Reading 2
1 Corinthians 12:3b-7, 12-13
Brothers and sisters: No one can say, “Jesus is Lord,” except by the Holy Spirit.

There are different kinds of spiritual gifts but the same Spirit; there are different forms of service but the same Lord; there are different workings but the same God who produces all of them in everyone. To each individual the manifestation of the Spirit is given for some benefit.

As a body is one though it has many parts, and all the parts of the body, though many, are one body, so also Christ. For in one Spirit we were all baptized into one body, whether Jews or Greeks, slaves or free persons, and we were all given to drink of one Spirit.

OR:

Galatians 5:16-25
Brothers and sisters, live by the Spirit and you will certainly not gratify the desire of the flesh. For the flesh has desires against the Spirit, and the Spirit against the flesh; these are opposed to each other, so that you may not do what you want. But if you are guided by the Spirit, you are not under the law. Now the works of the flesh are obvious: immorality, impurity, lust, idolatry, sorcery, hatreds, rivalry, jealousy, outbursts of fury, acts of selfishness, dissensions, factions, occasions of envy, drinking bouts, orgies, and the like. I warn you, as I warned you before, that those who do such things will not inherit the kingdom of God. In contrast, the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, generosity, faithfulness, gentleness, self-control. Against such there is no law. Now those who belong to Christ Jesus have crucified their flesh with its passions and desires. If we live in the Spirit, let us also follow the Spirit.

Alleluia
R. Alleluia, alleluia.
Come, Holy Spirit, fill the hearts of your faithful and kindle in them the fire of your love.
R. Alleluia, alleluia.

Gospel
Jonn 20:19-23
On the evening of that first day of the week, when the doors were locked, where the disciples were, for fear of the Jews, Jesus came and stood in their midst and said to them, “Peace be with you.” When he had said this, he showed them his hands and his side. The disciples rejoiced when they saw the Lord. Jesus said to them again, “Peace be with you. As the Father has sent me, so I send you.” And when he had said this, he breathed on them and said to them, “Receive the Holy Spirit. Whose sins you forgive are forgiven them, and whose sins you retain are retained.”

OR:

John 15:26-27
Jesus said to his disciples: “When the Advocate comes whom I will send you from the Father, the Spirit of truth that proceeds from the Father, he will testify to me. And you also testify, because you have been with me from the beginning.

“I have much more to tell you, but you cannot bear it now. But when he comes, the Spirit of truth, he will guide you to all truth. He will not speak on his own, but he will speak what he hears, and will declare to you the things that are coming. He will glorify me, because he will take from what is mine and declare it to you. Everything that the Father has is mine; for this reason I told you that he will take from what is mine and declare it to you.”

OR

John 16:12-15
“I have much more to tell you, but you cannot bear it now. But when he comes, the Spirit of truth, he will guide you to all truth. He will not speak on his own, but he will speak what he hears, and will declare to you the things that are coming. He will glorify me, because he will take from what is mine and declare it to you. Everything that the Father has is mine; for this reason I told you that he will take from what is mine and declare it to you.

The Epiphany of the Lord

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Mass Readings

First Reading: Isaiah 60:1-6
Responsorial: Psalm 72:1-2, 7-8, 10-13
Second Reading: Ephesians 3:2-3a, 5-6
Gospel: Matthew 2:1-12

https://bible.usccb.org/bible/readings/010321.cfm
https://www.deaconrudysnotes.org/

Happy New Year! Thank you for joining me today. I’m so glad you’re here! Just as a reminder, in the notes for every podcast, you will find the script for that day’s show, the scripture readings, and the books and articles I used to prepare the episode. I also include topics from the Catechism of the Catholic Church that relate to theme of the readings. If you want to do a deeper dive into our readings, I encourage you to check out these resources.

Today we celebrate the Epiphany! The Gospel tells us that magi from the east prostrated before Jesus Christ and offered him gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh. What does this mean?

You know, when we listen to the Word of God and the homily during the mass, we enter into a dialogue with God. Our goal is to try to understand what God is trying to say to us here and now. And as part of this dialogue, we offer a response. We’ll talk about what that means in a little bit. So, are you ready? Let’s go!

First, who were the magi? Scripture does not give us much information about them. But we do know this: the magi were gentiles! Gentiles went to Bethlehem to praise and worship Christ and offer him their gifts. Paul, as if to pick up on this idea, tells us in our second reading from Ephesians, “…the Gentiles are coheirs, members of the same body, and copartners in the promise in Christ Jesus through the gospel,” (Ephesians 3:6).

This is a wonderful affirmation that salvation through Jesus Christ is available to everyone! That is Good News!

Isaiah tells us something very interesting. Isaiah says that our light has come. Isaiah is telling us that the Lord sent his light – he sent Jesus – into the world (Isaiah 60:1). The light of Jesus Christ shines on all of us disciples. Isaiah goes on to say that we will radiate the light of Christ (Isaiah 60:5).

I know we didn’t hear from the book of Revelation today, but there is a very interesting reading that picks up on this theme from Isaiah. In Revelation 22:4-5 we read, “They shall see the Lord face to face and bear his name on their foreheads. The night shall be no more. They will need no light from lamps or the sun, for the Lord God shall give them light, and they shall reign forever.”

In today’s dialogue, God is telling us that we have the light of Christ, and that we should share the light of Christ with everyone! Get it? This little light of mine! I’m gonna let it shine!

This is what God is telling us. What should our response to God be?

Well, like the magi, we should first praise and worship God. That’s precisely what we do in the mass. Now, just a side note, Pope Francis declared this as the year of St. Joseph. So, we fathers and all the father figures out there are called to bring our families – to bring the domestic church to praise and worship God.

What else do the magi do? They offer their gifts to Jesus. So, we too are called to share our gifts and blessings with God by sharing them with everyone we encounter. But what does that mean, practically speaking? Well, not too sound trite, but that means we are called to share our time, our talents and our treasure.

Well, this means that we are called to share our blessings with the institutional Church established by Jesus Christ. So, we offer our gifts to help meet the physical needs of our parish – to keep the lights on, to pay the staff, to keep the place clean and safe, etc. Our parishes – our brick-and-mortar churches themselves can serve as a beacon drawing people to Jesus Christ. So, part of our responsibility is to make our parish infrastructure is available.

But church also means all the people of God. That means we are also called to share our gifts with other Catholic or Christian charities that serve people around the world, like Catholic Relief Services, HCPT, or Friends of Los Niños. These organizations minister to people around the world who are on the margins regardless of who they are or what they believe. There is no litmus test for Christian charity.

How do we make this happen? Well, the treasure aspect of time, talent and treasure, may be easier to calculate. Many bishops and priests suggest the following donation of our income: 5% to the parish; 1% to the bishop, and 4% to other Catholic or Christian organizations. Now, 10% of our income is a lofty goal for many of us. But knowing this recommendation can give us all food for thought as we begin this new year.

We are also called to share our time and our talents according to our circumstances. For example, the way a person shares their time will be different for an 80-year-old than a mother of young children or a teenager. And while I might have an opinion on everything, the bishops or my pastor might not ask for my advice on the law as I am not an attorney or my advice on medical or scientific issues as I am neither a physician nor a scientist. Does that make sense?

These examples of time, talent and treasure give us concrete ways to imitate the magi, but what is that we are really doing? In sharing our gifts, we share the light of Jesus Christ with others. Through our prolife ministries, we share the light of Christ with pregnant women who feel like they don’t have any choices. Through our hospitals and clinics, we share the light of Christ with people in need of medical and mental health services regardless of who they are or the value of their bank accounts. Through our homeless ministries, we share the light of Christ with those who have no place to live and no food to eat. Through our medical and prison chaplaincy programs, we share the light of Christ with people who desperately need to hear the comforting words of the God who saves.

Now, these are just a few examples. All of us can find some way to share our gifts with Christ’s church and the people of God. Not everyone will be interested in hearing the Good News, and that’s ok. Inspired by the God’s grace, we let our little lights of faith shine, that’s our response to God. Then we get out of the way and allow the Spirit to nurture an encounter with Jesus Christ.

Homework! Inspired by the Light of Christ, I encourage you to reflect on the following questions. First, how did your family, the domestic church, share your faith together this Christmas season? Second, reflecting on 2020, what are some ways you can improve how you share your time, talent and treasure in 2021?

I think doing our homework will help our little lights shine! Do you got it? Do you get it? Good! Now go make disciples! May Almighty God bless you, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit! +Amen!

You’re listening to deacon rudy’s notes. This Little Light of Mine is free-to-use music. Many thanks to the many artists who generously share their gifts and talents. If this is your first time here, welcome! You can help other listeners find us by rating and reviewing deacon rudy’s notes. I’m Deacon Rudy Villarreal. Join me next week as we break open the Word. Happy New Year and may God bless you all!

Image Credit: Artist unknown. This Little Light of Mine. PNP file.

Bibliography/Suggested Reading:
1. Mitch, Curtis and Edward Sri. The Gospel of Matthew. Catholic Commentary on Sacred Scripture. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Academic, 2010. Kindle.
2. Williamson, Peter S. Ephesians. Catholic Commentary on Sacred Scripture. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Academic, 2009. Kindle.

Catechism References http://www.scborromeo.org/ccc.htm:
1. The Father reveals the mystery by sending Christ: 50
2. The Church, sacrament of human unity: 60, 442, 674, 755, 767, 774-76, 781, 831
3. The Apostolic Tradition: 75-76
4. Christ the light of the nations: 280, 529, 748, 1165, 2466, 2715
5. Epiphany: 528, 724
6. Holy Spirit manifesting Christ through Mary: 724
7. A new People of God not based on physical descent: 781-82

The Epiphany of the Lord https://bible.usccb.org/bible/readings/010321.cfm
Lectionary: 20

Reading 1
Isaiah 60:1-6
Rise up in splendor, Jerusalem! Your light has come,
the glory of the Lord shines upon you.
See, darkness covers the earth,
and thick clouds cover the peoples;
but upon you the LORD shines,
and over you appears his glory.
Nations shall walk by your light,
and kings by your shining radiance.
Raise your eyes and look about;
they all gather and come to you:
your sons come from afar,
and your daughters in the arms of their nurses.

Then you shall be radiant at what you see,
your heart shall throb and overflow,
for the riches of the sea shall be emptied out before you,
the wealth of nations shall be brought to you.
Caravans of camels shall fill you,
dromedaries from Midian and Ephah;
all from Sheba shall come
bearing gold and frankincense,
and proclaiming the praises of the LORD.

Responsorial
Psalm 72:1-2, 7-8, 10-11, 12-13
R.(cf. 11) Lord, every nation on earth will adore you.
O God, with your judgment endow the king,
and with your justice, the king’s son;
He shall govern your people with justice
and your afflicted ones with judgment.
R. Lord, every nation on earth will adore you.
Justice shall flower in his days,
and profound peace, till the moon be no more.
May he rule from sea to sea,
and from the River to the ends of the earth.
R. Lord, every nation on earth will adore you.
The kings of Tarshish and the Isles shall offer gifts;
the kings of Arabia and Seba shall bring tribute.
All kings shall pay him homage,
all nations shall serve him.
R. Lord, every nation on earth will adore you.
For he shall rescue the poor when he cries out,
and the afflicted when he has no one to help him.
He shall have pity for the lowly and the poor;
the lives of the poor he shall save.
R. Lord, every nation on earth will adore you.

Reading 2
Ephesians 3:2-3a, 5-6
Brothers and sisters:
You have heard of the stewardship of God’s grace
that was given to me for your benefit,
namely, that the mystery was made known to me by revelation.
It was not made known to people in other generations
as it has now been revealed
to his holy apostles and prophets by the Spirit:
that the Gentiles are coheirs, members of the same body,
and copartners in the promise in Christ Jesus through the gospel.

Alleluia
Matthew 2:2
R. Alleluia, alleluia.
We saw his star at its rising
and have come to do him homage.
R. Alleluia, alleluia.

Gospel
Matthew 2:1-12
When Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea,
in the days of King Herod,
behold, magi from the east arrived in Jerusalem, saying,
“Where is the newborn king of the Jews?
We saw his star at its rising
and have come to do him homage.”
When King Herod heard this,
he was greatly troubled,
and all Jerusalem with him.
Assembling all the chief priests and the scribes of the people,
He inquired of them where the Christ was to be born.
They said to him, “In Bethlehem of Judea,
for thus it has been written through the prophet:
And you, Bethlehem, land of Judah,
are by no means least among the rulers of Judah;
since from you shall come a ruler,
who is to shepherd my people Israel.”
Then Herod called the magi secretly
and ascertained from them the time of the star’s appearance.
He sent them to Bethlehem and said,
“Go and search diligently for the child.
When you have found him, bring me word,
that I too may go and do him homage.”
After their audience with the king they set out.
And behold, the star that they had seen at its rising preceded them,
until it came and stopped over the place where the child was.
They were overjoyed at seeing the star,
and on entering the house
they saw the child with Mary his mother.
They prostrated themselves and did him homage.
Then they opened their treasures
and offered him gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh.
And having been warned in a dream not to return to Herod,
they departed for their country by another way.